Formations on the skin are a very common manifestation of an active human papillomavirus . But not everyone thinks that the virus can also easily settle on the mucous membranes.
The proof of this is the papilloma in the throat, which can be diagnosed both in adults and in young patients.
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How does the virus enter the body
Almost all dermatologists claim that this disease is transmitted mainly through sexual contact. But this does not mean that everyone who has only one healthy partner is protected from HPV. Why, then, are children diagnosed with papilloma of the larynx?
Promiscuity is, of course, one of the main ways the virus is transmitted. But there are other ways of infection:
- Contact household. If in a family children and adults share towels, washcloths, bed linen, then the risks of infection for the child are very high.
- Vertical. In the process of passing through the birth canal, the baby can become infected with HPV from the mother. If the virus has settled in this way, then papillomas will appear on the face, mucous membranes of the oropharynx.
- Autoinfection. This route of infection causes the active virus to spread to healthy areas of the skin or mucous membrane.
How the disease develops
Papillomas on the skin and mucous membranes occur under the influence of HPV. What is HPV? This is a group of viruses that provoke the development of various growths. Once in the human body, they do not immediately begin to actively work. At first, a person’s immunity copes with the pathogen and depresses it.
After the protective function is reduced, the virus begins to actively influence cells that grow rapidly, multiply and form a growth. Immune system disorders can occur for the following reasons:
- Having bad habits.
- Frequent colds.
- Damage to the mucous membranes of the oropharynx (hot drinks, chemicals).
- Hormonal disorders.
- Frequent nervous breakdowns.
In order not to develop papillomas either in the throat or in another part of the person, you need to completely get rid of the provoking factors.
Symptoms
If papillomas in the larynx appeared recently, and they are small in size, then a person will not notice any signs of the development of the disease. But as soon as the growth increases, the first symptoms appear. You need to listen to your body. If the same symptom appears regularly, you should urgently contact an otolaryngologist (ENT).
The clinical picture may be as follows:
- Persistent unexplained cough.
- Unpleasant sensation in the throat, as if something were stuck.
- Difficulty in swallowing food.
- Labored breathing.
- Decreased voice or it disappears altogether.
- Frequent sore throats and other respiratory diseases.
If there are papillomas in the throat, the symptoms of which are already quite bright, then you need to consult a doctor. Do not wait long or treat formations with folk remedies .
Location and appearance
In adults, both men and women, single growths usually appear. That is, one or more individual papillomas that look like a pea or a small papilla on a leg .
Papillomas in the throat of a child grow and look like a head of cauliflower. There are a lot of them, because during the meal the growths are often injured, and self-infection occurs. The baby’s immunity is still working poorly because it is unable to cope with the virus.
Papilloma in the throat of a child is also dangerous because it can easily block the airways, since the lumen is very small. As a result, the child may die from suffocation.
Growths may appear:
- on the back of the throat;
- tonsils and their arches;
- soft palate;
- vocal cords;
- in the larynx;
- trachea.
There are cases when papillomas were found in the bronchi.
Danger of formations
Although papillomas are considered benign formations, the very presence of growths causes great discomfort and can cause bad consequences. Papilloma of the pharynx is dangerous:
- Deterioration of the work of the vocal cords – if the growths are on or near the elements of the vocal apparatus. As a result, the voice may be lost.
- Narrowing of the airway or throat. The consequence of such changes can cause a deterioration in swallowing – this physiological process causes pain. And also, if the airways narrow, it is difficulty breathing.
- In adults, the presence of papilloma in the throat may indicate the initial stage of cancer. If the child has symptoms of papilloma in the throat, then an urgent need to run to the doctor.
Methods of treatment
To diagnose a papilloma in the throat, you must definitely consult a doctor. The otolaryngologist will examine the throat and, if necessary, give a referral for tests. In addition to diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe the necessary treatment. It is not worth abandoning it in favor of folk methods of treatment. Only a qualified specialist will help get rid of papilloma in the throat and not harm the whole body.
How to treat such growths? The doctor will prescribe medication and direct you to remove the papilloma in the throat using one of the hardware methods. Medicines are aimed at reducing the activity of the virus in the human body and restoring immunity. Why these drugs and not a specific HPV drug?
Unfortunately, modern pharmacology has not yet found one magic pill that can save a person once and for all from the virus. Therefore, the doctor chooses one of the common antiviral drugs. It will help reduce the activity of the virus, and the immune system must independently cope with the pathogen.
If the immune system does not work well, drugs are needed that will restore and stimulate the protective function. Vitamins can also be added to this complex. Also, the doctor may advise you to reconsider your diet and lifestyle. Add physical activity and reduce the number of stressful situations (if possible).
Removal of papilloma in the throat is performed in the following ways:
- Operationally. Such a manipulation can be carried out: Intralarynx , through the oral cavity, special instruments are inserted into the throat and the formations are removed. This procedure is very annoying. It is carried out by adults or children over 10 years old. Extralaryngeally , for this, a hole is made in the throat – a tracheotomy or langofissure. Through such a hole I remove growths. Usually this procedure is done to patients who have difficulty breathing.
- Cryodestruction . Liquid nitrogen is used. Under its influence, the growths are destroyed from the inside and fall off.
- laser removal. The most popular way to treat external manifestations of HPV. The laser removes the build-up very quickly and almost painlessly, and at the same time does not leave scars.
- Electrocoagulation.
- Radiotherapy. Papilloma on the tonsil is removed by this method without scars and cuts. Relapses are extremely rare.
Papillomas in the throat are very dangerous for human life, even if they are not malignant. Therefore, they must be removed as soon as they are discovered. Self-medication in this case is not worth it. Folk recipes can cause a burn if you choose the wrong dosage. And this provokes the degeneration of education into a malignant one.
