Removal of anal condylomas – symptoms, diagnosis, removal methods

Condylomas in the anus appear due to the human papillomavirus and must be removed immediately when they are detected.

If the excision was successful, then the wounds heal very quickly. Treatment of anal warts is also necessary because of the inconvenience, both physical and psychological.

Causes of appearance and their features

Warts appear due to infection of the body with the human papillomavirus. More than a hundred species of this virus have been identified so far. Some of them are absolutely harmless to humans, but there are also forms that cause the growth of cancer cells.

According to statistics, 90% of the world’s inhabitants are infected with HPV. Transmission routes:

1. Sexual intercourse with an infected partner. Despite the fact that warts are located around the anus, however, they can also become infected through ordinary sexual intercourse. The virus can enter the human body through vaginal or oral contact.
2. Rarely, the infection is spread through skin contact, such as shaking hands.
3. The household way of infection can happen in public places, for example, a bathhouse, pool, sauna, etc. This also happens when sharing a towel, toothbrush, washcloth, etc.

The development of the disease is facilitated by:

• acquired immunodeficiency;
• acute infections;
• chronic forms of diseases that slowly but purposefully deplete the body’s resources;
• hormonal disruptions;
• stressful situations;
• errors in nutrition, a small amount of consumed vitamins;
• too intense exercise or other physical activity;
• having bad habits.

Anal warts in men

In men, the ways of infection with anal warts most often occur through intimacy. Less often through household items.

Anal warts in women

A woman becomes infected with the human papillomavirus in the same ways as a man, there are no special differences. In some cases, it can be a threat to infect your baby during pregnancy. So, in the presence of anal warts in a pregnant  woman, during the birth process there is a risk of infecting the fetus.

Types of HPV in anal neoplasms

To date, more than a hundred types of genital warts have been recorded that occur due to the human papillomavirus. They are divided into HPV of high oncogenic risk and low rates.

1. Virus strains with an increased risk of degeneration into oncology include: 16, 18, HPV 31 , 33  and 35. In the presence of such papillomas, the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal increases.
2. Low rates of oncogenicity include papilloma types 6 and 11, they are called genital warts .

Symptoms

Symptoms of the disease may be absent for a long time. If a person has a good immune system, then for a long time the presence of a virus in the body does not betray itself. But with a decrease in immunity, HPV manifests itself as skin formations. The incubation period from the moment of infection can be long, from a year or more.

In the anus, genital warts are most often diagnosed. They are small, often flesh-colored, sometimes with gray growths. locations at the edge of the anus or on the mucous membranes.

The maximum size of genital warts is a few centimeters, in most cases their size is even smaller. Despite this, condylomas can bring significant inconvenience to a person, since at the time of defecation they are injured, cause bleeding and can be re-infected.

As independent formations, anal warts almost never appear, most often they spread from the perianal region.

A person may suspect that something was wrong, after difficult bowel movements. If the feces are hard, then there is itching and pain in the anus. When examining feces, you can find blood blotches.

Reference. The disease affects both women and men equally. Such warts are localized anywhere, while anal warts can be both internal and external, and can be located everywhere.

What are dangerous growths in the anus?

Despite the small size of genital warts, you should not treat them at home. This is done by a doctor, who will first refer the patient for examination. Since the risk of degeneration of genital warts into a cancerous tumor is high. Only after identifying the non-oncogenic type of formations can you calm down a bit.

But even in this case, there are some complications if you do not treat anal warts:

• bleeding;
• the danger of the appearance of purulent formations;
• fistula formation;
• strong pain.

In the area of ​​​​the anus, there is constant friction of the formations against clothing, which can lead to the growth of genital warts and, in the future, to the risk of their degeneration into oncology. Therefore, even if one wart is found in the anus, do not delay going to the doctor, remove it in a timely manner.

Diagnosis and treatment of pathology of the anus

If a person is examined by an experienced doctor. Then he will immediately suspect the presence of anal condylomas. Previously, the doctor treats the growths with an acetic solution. When the warts turn white, their calcoscopy is done.

Other diagnostic measures include:

1. Biopsy – wart tissue is taken and examined for the cause of oncology.
2. A blood test is done, which determines the presence of the human papillomavirus in the body.

Treatment of intra warts (that is, those located in the anus ) is carried out only by the surgical method. Currently, traditional excision is often replaced by modern methods, namely:

• radio wave therapy;
• laser method;
• electrocoagulation ;
• cryodestruction using liquid nitrogen.

Methods of treatment and removal

The method of treatment of anal warts is chosen by the attending physician. It is worth highlighting all possible methods of therapy.

Removal with a laser beam

Laser beam therapy is currently the most popular procedure for reducing anal growths. The advantage of this method is the following:

• The procedure is carried out quickly, for example, to remove one wart on the anus,  it will take an average of 15 minutes.
• Healthy tissues are not damaged.
• Due to the fact that the instrument itself does not touch the condylomas, the sterility of the method is thereby ensured.
• The recovery period is short.

At the same time, there are some disadvantages of laser coagulation:

1. When using a laser, a person experiences pain. Therefore, local anesthesia is used.
2. The method is not cheap.
3. There are a number of contraindications.

In the presence of the following diseases, laser removal of genital warts is contraindicated:

• diabetes;
• epilepsy;
• pregnancy;
• with suspicion of cancer.

Destruction of neoplasm by electric current

Electrocoagulation is an alternative to laser therapy. It relieves internal and external genital warts, while no threat to health arises. For the operation, high-frequency electrosurgical equipment (EVHCH) is used.

There are two ways to remove:

1. contact method. It is carried out by the method of electrocauterization, electrodesiccation and electrosection. In these cases, the device with an electric current touches the site of wart formation.
2. contactless method. It is carried out in two ways: SPRAY-coagulation and plasma destruction. In these cases, the electrode does not touch the condyloma. Electrical voltage penetrates the formation and destroys it.

Benefits of electrical warts removal:

• The strength of the current can be adjusted when exposed to education.
• Healthy tissues are not affected.
• The removed growth is sent for additional diagnostics.

The disadvantages of the technique include:

1. Administration of local anesthesia.
2. Some contraindications, for example, hemophilia, somatic diseases, the risk of transformation of condyloma into a cancerous tumor.

Freezing with liquid nitrogen

In the area of ​​the anus, cryodestruction is rarely used, there are reasons for this. The disadvantages of the method include:

1. After the warts are removed, there is a risk of recurrence of the disease.
2. Healthy tissues are also affected.
3. The presence of postoperative scars.
4. It is impossible to control the depth of destruction.

radio wave surgery

Perianal condylomas are also removed by radio wave method. To do this, you need a special device. The advantages of the method include:

1. The speed of the operation, only 10-30 minutes.
2. No scars or scars.
3. Healthy tissues are not affected.
4. Not only single growths are removed, but also multiple formations.

Radio waves are able to cope with internal and external warts.

Indications for surgery

The indication for surgical intervention may be the rapid growth of genital warts and their occupation of a large area of ​​the mucous membrane. Therefore, it should not be brought to such a state. Since the surgical method provides for the subsequent presence of scars and scars at the site of the operation.

Chemotherapy

With this method of treating genital warts, the composition of the peparta includes several or one caustic substance. Among them:

• oxalic acid;
• Nitric acid;
• lactic acid;
• vinegar;
• carbolic acid.

The most popular medicines for burning warts include:

• Frezol.
• Solcoderm.
• Verrukatsid.
• Kondilin.

Do not use these drugs on your own. This should be done by a healthcare professional. Otherwise, the acid, which is part of the product, will corrode not only condyloma, but also the tissues around it.

Medical removal

The stages of drug therapy include the following:

1. Taking antivirals. Due to this, the activity of the pathogen will be reduced. When the reproduction of the virus is blocked, you can proceed to the next stages of treatment.
2. Strengthening immunity. So, the body itself will fight the virus. The doctor in this case, the doctor prescribes pharmaceutical products that can be combined with alternative therapy.
3. Vitamin complexes.
4. The use of antiviral ointments.

All these remedies are good, but they do not eliminate the recurrence of the disease.

Prevention of condylomatosis of the anus

When condylomas in the anus are removed, so that there are no relapses, preventive measures should be observed:

1. Be sure to have a complete diet, which is enriched with fortified foods.
2. Regular visits to the proctologist for examination and early detection of formations.
3. Do not forget about your sexual partner, he may also have a similar problem, so for the period of treatment you will have to refrain from contact or use a condom.
4. The constant change of partners can lead not only to infection with HPV, but also to other sexually transmitted diseases.
5. Reduce alcohol consumption.
6. Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
7. Avoid stress, nervous and physical strain.

Price

The cost of procedures for removing genital warts may be different, below will be the approximate price in Moscow clinics for getting rid of anal formations:

1. Laser removal will vary between 300-5000 rubles per 1 piece, depending on the size of the neoplasm.
2. A full course of anal warts removal will cost from 54,000 to 95,000 rubles.

Prices will depend on the size of the wart, its location, method of removal, etc.

Condylomas in the anus is an extremely unpleasant phenomenon, but removable. The main thing is to do everything in a timely manner. If the treatment is carried out correctly, then the disease will no longer bother. To prevent growths from reappearing, lead a healthy lifestyle and follow preventive measures.