Causes and treatment of papilloma in the anus

One of the most unpleasant, but widespread problems is the presence of papilloma in the anus . People faced with papilloma pathology are often in no hurry to visit a specialist, considering their feature to be too individual and intimate for prying eyes.

But practice shows that an untimely appeal to a doctor can lead to serious health problems, even death.

Types of HPV around anality

Papilloma growths are flesh or dark in color, occur both on the external and internal parts of the body. Their size can vary from 1 to 6 cm.

Doctors have more than 80 types of human papillomaviruses, among which there are more dangerous strains with a high risk of oncogenicity.

The most common types of growths are as follows:

• Convex spots , which are small rounded bumps.
• Flat formations that have an inconspicuous appearance and color. They can be localized everywhere on any part of the skin.
• Acrochids . Neoplasms of a filamentous structure that affect the intimate places of the body and are the most uncomfortable in sensations.
• Pointed papillomas . They have a characteristic elongated tip.

Causes of appearance in the anus

The role of the focus of the spread of viral infection is the epithelium of the skin, as well as the mucous tissues of the rectum. Many people are carriers of this infection.

Explicit warts may not be detected for a long time, but the cells can be seriously damaged, which poses a serious threat to human health.

Pathology is associated with the introduction of HPV into the human body. A viral disease has an incubation period that can last from 1 week to several years, depending on the state of the immune system, the infected person and the characteristics of his body.

The pathogenic microorganism is localized mainly in the epidermis and mucous structures, and does not have access to penetration into the internal organs of a person.

But against the background of an aggressive environment, the pathogen begins to actively multiply, the number of affected cells increases in arithmetic progression and they begin to focus on the surface of the skin, forming abnormal growths.

The following factors act as impetuses for the activation of HPV:

• decreased immunity;
• fatigue and lack of sleep;
• psychological and physical stress;
• weakening of the body during childbearing;
• transferring high radiation during chemotherapy;
• long-term use of hormonal drugs;
• long use of the spiral without timely removal from the uterus;
• severe viral and infectious diseases;
• passion for alcohol and smoking;
• poor diet, in which there is not enough fortified food.

Ways of infection with pathology

Infection can also occur at home. Most of all, people who actively visit public places, such as a bathhouse, sauna and swimming pool, are susceptible to candilloma growths.

The share of the probability of transmission of infection is also present in people who have bad habits, such as plucking nails and burrs with teeth, and non-compliance with hand hygiene.

Places of localization of growths in the anus

Anal papillomas are classified as a disease of the anus of viral etiology. Formations in the intimate zone  can be from several pieces to several hundred. Anus growths are flesh-colored papillae, consisting of lobules and a stalk.

First, small spots and growths form in the perianal region, which increase in diameter over time and under favorable conditions for growth.

Pain, as a rule, these formations do not cause. That is why, a person may not suspect a problem for a long time.

Then the affected area can increase dramatically. Warts begin to actively grow and multiply. Over time, growths can already be found directly in the anus and outside of it. In advanced cases, the mucous membranes of the large intestine are affected.

Symptoms and signs of HPV in the anal area

The main symptoms of the presence of papilloma in the anus:

• frequent and false urge to the toilet;
• burning and itching in the anus and around it;
• constant feeling of moisture in the anus;
• discomfort during the act of defecation;
• sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the intimate area;
• uncharacteristic discharge from the anal area, up to bloody;
• unpleasant smell of feces;
• constant increase in body temperature up to 37 degrees.

Diagnosis of HPV in the anus

Self-determination of papilloma is possible by groping for foreign formations in the anus. When contacting a dermatologist or proctologist, a visual examination is performed. After that, the specialists send the patient to undergo a series of diagnostic procedures:

• Palpation . It is carried out to identify papillomas and assess the nature of their formation.
• Sigmoidoscopy . The technique gives an accurate idea of ​​the structure of candilloma formations and the degree of their hemorrhage on the surface of the anus.
• HIV analysis . Be sure to check for possible infections, including AIDS.
• Morphological and cytological study of biological material. The method gives an idea of ​​the nature of the origin of foreign formations and the likelihood of their transformation into a malignant form.
• Anoscopy . The procedure consists in examining the growths on the anus under magnifying glasses. The method gives a clear picture of the structure of formations, allows you to get a reliable picture of their size and number.

Which doctor should I contact?

First, a person should make an appointment with their local GP. This must be done immediately after the discovery of strange growths in an intimate place.

If the doctor for some reason cannot accept in the near future, then it is worth making an appointment for a paid appointment at another institution. In no case should one hesitate with the diagnosis, since the formations grow rapidly and become oncogenic.

After listening to the patient’s complaints and fixing the essence of the problem on the card, the therapist refers the patient to the appropriate doctor.

Depending on the possibility of a medical institution, a dermatologist, oncologist, surgeon or proctologist can act as a specialist.

The first one conducts a visual and tactile examination, and after a suspected diagnosis of a papilloma infection, he sends him to a doctor with a narrower specialization, most often a proctologist. With a clearly visible problem, the proctologist establishes a diagnosis and prescribes the appropriate treatment for the problem.

Treatment of HPV in the anus in men and women

Next, we will briefly touch on the most popular and effective methods of treatment and removal.

Medical therapy

Drug treatment of papilloma in the anus is aimed at eliminating unpleasant symptoms and strengthening the immune system. The drug in this direction include:

• Viferon . The drug belongs to the number of immune response modulators. For the treatment of intimate areas, it is recommended to use Viferon in the form of suppositories and gel.
• Genferon . Belongs to the group of interferons and is sold in the form of candles. The drug is recommended to be used in combination with other drugs.
• Allokin alpha . It is produced in ampoule form and is used to treat papilloma, prone to degeneration into a malignant form.
• Lykopid . Immunomodulator in the form of tablets.
• Immunomax . Stimulates the immune system through regular intramuscular injections.
• Epigen . Sold as a spray. Promotes the rapid healing of wounds formed after the removal of growths.

Surgical intervention

Removal of growths near the anus and inside the rectum is carried out in the following ways:

• electrocoagulation (cauterization with an electrode with a needle tip);
• cryodestruction (impact on the site of localization of papilloma formations with cold air currents);
• laser (removal of growths with the help of laser preparations);
• radio wave therapy (impact on the required area with waves of the required frequency);
• excision (removal of growths by capturing healthy cells and tissues in order to prevent further spread of infection).

In parallel with the papilloma excision procedures, a biopsy of the affected tissue is always performed and a cytological examination is performed. These techniques allow you to determine the type of infection and carry out more productive procedures.

Folk remedies and recipes

Alternative methods of treatment should be used only for minor formations that have a relatively mild manifestation. More serious growths should only be treated by a specialist. The most effective means of folk therapy include:

• Kalanchoe . Collect fresh leaves of the plant, rinse and grind into a mushy mass. Apply a compress to the anus, securing it with a wide plaster. The exposure time should not exceed 30 minutes in the first session of use. After that, the compress can be kept for up to 2 hours until the growths begin to dissolve.
• Celandine . With small-sized formations, freshly squeezed celandine juice helps well, which is enough to periodically lubricate the affected area, without applying a compress.

With severe pain in the anus, douching with warm water should be carried out. The use of baths based on such medicinal herbs effectively dulls discomfort:

• Weed comfrey . 3 tbsp plants insist about 2 hours in 0.5 liters. boiling water. Strain the healing water into a basin and sit in it for 30 minutes.
• Horse chestnut . At 8 l. brew 0.5 buckets of chestnut fruits with boiling water and leave to infuse for 6 hours. Fill the bathroom with the resulting potion and spend in the bathroom for half an hour.
• Wormwood . Add 20 drops of wormwood essential extract to a basin filled with 500 ml. warm water. To get the result, sit in the container for about 20 minutes.

Possible Complications of Anal HPV

Condyloma of the anus often relapses. In the absence of proper treatment, malignant tumors can form. For men, the pathology is most dangerous, as it can develop over time into the genitals.

Purulent inflammation can increase the risk of developing sepsis. Infection of the anus occurs when the papilloma and delicate skin growths of the anus are seriously injured.

If you do not contact a specialist in time, the pathology acquires threatening consequences not only for health, but also for the life of the patient.

Prevention and prognosis

To avoid the formation of anus papillomas, it is important to observe personal hygiene and not have sexual intercourse with strangers. It is also worth visiting public places with a lot of people with caution, especially those where the concentration of moisture is high.

If a person has already encountered such a problem before, then he just needs to adhere to the following recommendations:

• regularly visit your doctor and undergo examinations prescribed by him;
• engage in the improvement of your body through exercise, proper nutrition and frequent exposure to fresh air;
• eliminate bad habits from your life, such as smoking and addiction to alcohol;
• listen to your feelings and regularly probe the anal area.

The concentration of papillomas in the anus are very unpleasant symptoms. In order to get rid of growths, it is necessary to correctly diagnose and start therapy on time.

If during the course of treatment all medical recommendations are followed, then the risks of complications are minimized, and repeated relapses are excluded.