An attractive appearance helps us establish communication and create a pleasant impression. Warts are considered one of the repulsive factors. It is unlikely that you will want to shake the hand of a person with unattractive growths on his fingers.
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What is this neoplasm?
Warts do not pose a risk to human health. Their presence on the human body leads to an unaesthetic appearance and causes inconvenience to the wearer.
There are many types of warts: common, flat, senile, pointed. Consider such a type of warts as periungual, the causes of its appearance, methods of treatment.
A periungual wart is a benign neoplasm of the epidermis in appearance, resembling a cluster of nodules. As the nodules develop, they spread and merge with each other.
The formations are located mainly near the cuticle and nail. They are a convex growth resembling cabbage and rough to the touch.
Common Causes
There can be several reasons for the appearance of this type of warts, such as periunguals. The most common infection is the human papillomavirus (HPV). Most papillomavirus dormant in the body.
The reasons for awakening can be stress, weakened immunity, taking hormonal drugs. There are known cases of infection with the virus in nail salons.
The virus infection process
Virus infection occurs according to standard scenarios. When shaking hands with a carrier, using hygiene items together with an infected person (towels, combs, etc.), trying on clothes, jewelry.
Often infection occurs in public places (baths, saunas). The virus penetrates into microcracks on the skin of a healthy person and begins to multiply.
Initially, the papillomavirus spreads in the lower layers of the epidermis, where it is fixed. Then the reproduction stage begins, and after that the virus enters the upper layer of the epidermis.
Only then do the warts become contagious to other people and finally form in the periungual space of the carrier. The incubation period is two to five months.
Predisposing factors
There are certain reasons that contribute to the appearance of nail warts. High sweating in the area of the palms, a violation or change in the general hormonal background (especially in adolescence), frequent hypothermia or overheating, changes in the immune status, often experienced stress.
Varieties
There are two types of periungual warts: subungual and proper periungual.
Subungual warts often go unnoticed by the wearer for quite some time. A person often confuses them with a fungal disease of the nail. The nail plate is gradually deformed, the color of the nail becomes yellowish.
The appearance of a periungual wart is preceded by a change in the skin around the nail. The skin becomes rough with discoloration. As the virus develops, the size of the growth increases, the wart takes on its final shape.
External signs of the appearance of growths
You can recognize a developing periungual wart by changing the color of the skin around the nail. The hue becomes yellowish-brown.
Further, the formation of a loose build-up (at first, a single one) occurs. The root of education is quite deep. It is difficult to understand that the development of a wart has begun.
Harm to health
It is generally accepted that periungual warts do not cause much damage to human health. However, over time, cracks begin to form in the formed growths, which begin to bleed, the nail becomes brittle, exfoliating.
The surface of the nail plate becomes bumpy, yellowish in color. Small cracks at the beginning begin to grow. If pathogenic bacteria get inside them, purulent inflammations can develop.
Diagnosis of neoplasms
You can diagnose a periungual wart by contacting a dermatologist. In most cases, a superficial examination is sufficient.
In case of doubt about the correctness of the diagnosis, the doctor can additionally send a scraping from the wart for histology. Histological analysis will accurately establish the benignity or malignancy of the neoplasm.
Treatment
Treatment of periungual warts is necessary. In some cases, a benign formation can degenerate into a malignant one. There are several types of treatment for periungual warts.
Medical
In this case, the doctor prescribes antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs. The most commonly prescribed drug isoprinosine . It helps and fight the papillomavirus, and stimulates an increase in immunity.
In addition, be sure to drink vitamin and mineral complexes. In some cases, dermatologists recommend lubricating warts with antiviral ointments (oxolinic, interferon).
Folk remedies in the fight against nail growths
It is worth mentioning right away that folk methods of treating a periungual wart are effective only in the initial stages:
- Cauterization with iodine or iodopyrone . Moisten a cotton swab in the solution and lubricate the wart. After sealing with a bactericidal adhesive plaster. The nail does not need to be lubricated. Repeat the procedures up to three times a day for two weeks.
- Burning with celandine . Apply pointwise only to the damaged area. If celandine juice gets on healthy skin, it will cause a chemical burn. Repeat the procedure twice a day. In the final stage of treatment, the wart turns black and falls off.
- A solution of calendula alcohol . Cauterize the wart two to three times a day. After sealing with a bactericidal adhesive plaster.
- Juice of onion, garlic, lemon . Rub the periungual outgrowth with juice. Repeat the procedure up to three times a day.
- Acetic compresses . Moisten a sterile bandage in a 9% vinegar solution (you can add onion juice). Apply to the affected area, fix with a bandage.
- Aloe juice . Cut an aloe leaf, squeeze out the juice from it and rub it into the affected area 3-4 times a day. You can also cut the leaf lengthwise and apply the fleshy part to the affected area of the skin. Fix with a bandage.
Hardware therapy
It is considered the most effective way to treat periungual warts. It includes: laser coagulation, cryotherapy, electrocoagulation.
Laser coagulation
The best results are achieved with the use of laser coagulation. In this case, a special laser device is used. Removal of the wart occurs in layers.
A small indentation remains at the site of impact, which then smoothes out and disappears. Laser coagulation allows you to completely remove the periungual wart with great accuracy and accuracy. The procedure is painless.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy involves the treatment of the affected area with liquid nitrogen. Before starting the procedure, the segment affected by the wart is anesthetized, then treated with nitrogen.
After the procedure, a bubble appears at the site of exposure, which subsequently turns into a crust. Several procedures may be needed.
Electrocoagulation
Electrocoagulation – removal of a wart using a high frequency current. A loop of wire is thrown over the wart, through which a high-frequency current is conducted. To remove a subungual wart in this way, you will need to remove the nail plate.
Surgical removal
Surgical intervention is indicated in the presence of a large number of warts under and around the nail. The operation is prescribed if other methods of treatment do not help, with constant relapses.
The wart is removed with a scalpel. After removing the build-up, a special patch is applied to the wound. It helps make scars less noticeable.
Prevention of the appearance of neoplasms
To prevent the appearance of periungual warts, it is enough to follow simple rules of prevention:
- Follow the rules of personal hygiene.
- Wash hands after visiting public places, do not use other people’s towels, in baths, saunas, wear slippers.
- Proper nutrition, strengthening the immune system, taking vitamin supplements will help prevent the appearance of neoplasms.
- Cuts, abrasions should be immediately lubricated with iodine or brilliant green.
- Go to beauty salons with a proven track record.
- Manicure instruments must be autoclaved.
- Gloves should be worn when handling meat or fish.
- If possible, avoid contact with a person who has a noticeable presence of periungual warts.
Conclusion
It is not worth starting the treatment of periungual warts. When the first signs appear (discoloration of the nail, skin), it is better not to delay and immediately consult a doctor.
In the early stages of development, treatment is more effective and painless. There are frequent cases of degeneration of benign neoplasms into malignant ones.
You also need to be mindful of the people around you. The risk of transmitting the human papillomavirus to colleagues, friends or relatives is extremely high.
