Where to go with HPV: what doctor treats papilloma in women, men

Содержание:

1 Introduction
2 How is human papillomavirus diagnosed?
3 When to go to the doctor?
4 Why should you go to the doctor?
5 To whom and where to go? Doctor treating papillomas in the genital area in men and women
6 Prevention of papilloma
7 Conclusion

Introduction

Statistics say the following: almost 90% of the world’s population is infected with one type or another of HPV. This is the most common infection in the world – medicine knows more than a hundred strains of this virus that provoke the formation of papilloma.

80 human pathogenic types have been identified. Such a disease, in most cases, provokes the development of cancer, so it can be deadly.

How is human papillomavirus diagnosed?

HELP! The human papillomavirus, abbreviated as HPV, is a medium-sized pathogen that can retain its properties when heated. It survives well in the external environment due to the shell, consisting of 72 capsomeres. It is almost impossible to detect in human blood. Once in the bloodstream, it quickly spreads throughout the entire circulatory system, attaches to epithelial cells and, penetrating their DNA, causes cells to divide and grow faster.

Both men and women fall into the risk zone, but the fair sex is much more susceptible to the disease. Infection can occur even in childhood – through bruises and cuts on the skin. If the immune system is weak and cannot cope with the incoming threat, the virus integrates into the cell’s chromosome and changes its working rhythm, causing the epithelium to grow excessively.

For children and adolescents, the appearance of warts is characteristic, for adults – genital warts, transmitted most often through microcracks on the mucous membranes (during genital, oral-genital or anal intercourse).

Another option is from mother to child during childbirth.

In addition to weakened immunity, bad habits (alcohol, smoking) and problems with the gastrointestinal tract contribute to the rapid development of the disease.

HELP! If papilloma is found on the body, first you need to get to a dermatologist or dermatovenereologist. He will refer the patient to a cytological examination and histological analysis, which will identify the type of HPV, and then either refer him for removal or prescribe a treatment regimen. An andrologist deals with diseases of the genital area in both women and men, but it is now problematic to find a narrowly focused specialist. Therefore, women are referred to a gynecologist, and men to a urologist. For rashes in the oral cavity, an initial consultation with a dentist is required.

When to go to the doctor?

If suspicious papillomas, warts and warts appear on the body, a doctor should be consulted immediately. The main affected areas are:

Axillary area.
Groin area.
Skin under the knees and on the hands.
Skin folds under the breast in women .
Neck.
Oral cavity (hard palate, tongue, sublingual region).

Clinical manifestations of the virus:

Most often there are so-called common warts with a low degree of risk of rebirth. They are convex papules of a small size, which gradually grow and turn dark in color. The upper part becomes rough to the touch and itches. Around the “maternal” neoplasm, several “daughter” ones appear. Localization – the back of the feet and hands, chin, scalp, between the fingers. As the warts on the soles grow, it becomes increasingly difficult for a person to walk.
Long filiform warts (Butcher’s) occur on the hands , often at the sites of cuts. They are not prone to rebirth.
Flat warts grow in groups, rising above the level of the skin. Brown or flesh-colored, located along the edge of hair growth on the head , forearms, in the area of the external genitalia. Rarely reborn.
Lewandowski-Lutz disease is a hereditary pathology. Pigmented dry spots or small brown warts are scattered over the skin. Most often occur on the hands, face, neck. Cancer transformation is possible.
Warts on the sides of the nails are purely cosmetic. Cause dystrophy of the nail plate, grow into the skin. They do not become malignant.
Bowen’s disease is a very serious disease that, without timely treatment, turns into squamous cell carcinoma. Outwardly, it looks like a plaque covered with a cornified layer of skin. Size – from 5 to 50 mm, single, almost always appears on the head.
Genital warts – resemble a cockscomb. Occur in the genital area: near the anus, on the labia, vaginal mucosa, in the urethra, on the head of the penis and foreskin. Converted to malignant in half the cases.
With blooming papillomatosis, large white plaques begin to grow in the larynx and oral cavity, causing speech disorder, hoarseness. As the disease develops, the formations descend into the bronchi and trachea, and are monitored on the lungs. Most often occurs in older people. Babies become infected while passing through the maternal birth canal, and for them this type is especially dangerous because it can lead to suffocation.

Why should you go to the doctor?

There are so many varieties of papilloma that only a specialist can tell you which one does not pose a threat, and which one is more likely to degenerate into a malignant formation in the future. Therefore, you should not take risks and self-medicate according to herbalists and other people’s advice.

A special classification developed by researchers shows the degree of oncogenicity:

Types belonging to the group with a minimum risk of developing malignant tumors: 6, 11, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 55, 61 , 60.
Average degree: 30, 31, 32, 33 , 35, 39 , 51 , 52, 58.
The most dangerous in terms of oncology are the strains: 5, 16, 18, 36, 39, 45, 46, 56, 59 , 66 , 68.

To whom and where to go? Doctor treating papillomas in the genital area in men and women

Papillomas in the groin or genital area require an appeal to the following doctors: a woman – a gynecologist, a man – a urologist or andrologist. Since the pathology is directly related to a decrease in immunity, the patient will also receive a referral to an immunologist.

Perianal papillomas – which doctor treats?

HELP! The defeat in the genital area makes itself felt with medium-sized spots or growths. Initially, their size is the size of a pinhead, but gradually increases to a large coin. The disease is rarely asymptomatic, most often patients complain of mucus discharge from the anus, itching, sensation of a foreign object in the anus , bleeding. The skin around the anus becomes wet and rubbed, causing pain. A neglected disease leads to the appearance of anal warts, and later to rectal cancer.

To establish a diagnosis and prescribe treatment in this case, you should contact a proctologist. The initial examination is carried out by palpation, then the doctor can be sent for a PCR analysis, for a consultation with an immunologist, the results of histological examination of the samples. Increasingly, the Digene test is used – a high-precision research technique that shows which growths can be removed and which should not be touched for the time being.

For the treatment of small papillomas, it is enough to prescribe a number of medications. It can be candles, ointments and sprays – “Likopid”, “Epigen”, “Immunomax”, “Viferon”. The complex also includes means of immune therapy. Such a drug course has an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, and also mobilizes the body’s defenses.

Destructive treatments:

cryodestruction ( removal with liquid nitrogen );
laser therapy (exposure to a laser beam);
destruction of growths with the help of high-frequency electric current;
use of the radio wave method (device “Surgitron”).

Use of chemicals:

daily applications with the drug contaridine;
cauterization with salicylic acid;
treatment with trichloroacetic acid or a mixture of acids.

Important!

Relapses often occur: new and even larger ones appear in place of the removed formations. In this case, you need to undergo an additional examination by an oncologist and an endocrinologist.

Which doctor treats papillomas that are supposedly dangerous?

If there is a risk of degeneration of viral formations from benign to malignant, the oncologist undertakes the removal. He is also involved in the treatment of repeated rashes.

Which doctor removes papillomas?

It all depends on the degree of damage. If papillomas on the body are single, a dermatologist can perform the removal procedure. The manifestations of HPV in the mouth are removed by an oncologist or surgeon.

Which doctor treats papillomas in women?

The first thing a woman needs to remember is that she must undergo a scheduled gynecological examination twice a year. Noticing signs of the disease, the gynecologist will take a swab from the cervix for laboratory microscopic examination, do a colposcopy and draw up a plan for further action.

If infection with a high oncogenic risk virus is confirmed, the doctor will recommend removing this neoplasm. Otherwise, in the future, there is a high risk of uterine cancer and other diseases that affect women’s reproductive health. At risk are women aged 16 to 40 who lead an active sex life.

Important!

HPV detection in a pregnant woman is not a reason to panic.

For a successful cure, remember that:

A gynecologist must be observed until the very birth.
The virus does not affect the fetus in any way.
Remove formations after childbirth.
All drugs should be used only in consultation with the doctor.
If there are external manifestations of the disease (for example, on the cervix), the child may get sick when passing through the birth canal. In this case, the woman may be offered a caesarean section.

Prevention of papilloma

Preventive measures in the described case are not much different from measures taken to avoid any other disease.

Strengthening immunity.
Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, work and rest.
Proper, balanced nutrition.
Regular physical activity.
Compliance with the rules of conduct in public places.
The presence of a permanent healthy partner or the use of personal protective equipment during sexual intercourse.
Vaccination against certain strains.

HELP! Two types of vaccines are becoming increasingly popular: Gardasil and Cervarix. They contain capsid proteins that take the form of virus-like particles. These particles do not contain genetic viral materials. The action of the vaccines is directed at several viral strains that are more common than others: 6, 11, 16 and 18. The drug should be used as soon as possible, since the vaccine does not work on already infected adults. Allowed age is 9 years old.

Conclusion

It is not uncommon for a seemingly harmless wart to lead to the formation of a malignant tumor. Therefore, you can not let things take their course or engage in treatment on your own. The doctor is the first assistant in case of suspected infection.